HomeMy WebLinkAboutHOME MAINTENANCE BOOKLET_ COMBINED 1.18.23ISSUED: JANUARY 2022
Tsuut’ina Nation
Public Works Department
Home Maintenance Manual
Issued: January 2023
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3 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
Dzinizi Guja,
In order to acquaint you with the maintenance requirements about your new home,
we are providing you with this Homeowner’s Maintenance Manual which consist of
the following;
1) Move-in Checklist
2) Home Maintenance: The Complete Checklist
3) Utility Information
4) Emergencies and Contact information
5) Home Maintenance Information
a. Maintenance inside your home
b. Maintenance outside your home
6) Septic System Maintenance
7) Water Well and Cistern Maintenance
This book will provide useful information which will assist you in the maintenance and
service requirement of your new home.
The Move-in Checklist provides a list of important items that the homeowner owner
should be aware before or on moving day.
The Complete Checklist provides a preventative maintenance schedule monthly and
throughout all the seasons (fall, winter, spring and summer).
The Home Maintenance Information section gives you an explanation of the basic
components inside and outside of your home.
The Septic System Maintenance section contains valuable information concerning
wastewater treatment in your home. Did you know? Septic back-ups is the number
one call public works gets every year.
The Water Well and Cistern Maintenance section gives you all the preventative
maintenance required maintaining the water that feeds your household.
The Emergencies and Contact Information section prepares homeowners for any
potential emergencies we can run into with the appropriate contact information.
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Table of Contents
1) MOVE-IN CHECKLIST 6
2) HOME MAINTENANCE: THE COMPLETE CHECKLIST 8
3) EMERGENCY, UTILITY AND CONTACT INFORMATION 9
4) HOME MAINTENANCE INFORMATION 10
a) MAINTENANCE INSIDE YOUR HOME 10
APPLIANCES 10
FILTERS 10
FURNACE 10
DRYER 10
WASHER 11
HUMIDIFIER 11
HEAT RECOVERY VENTILATOR (HRV) 13
WINDOW SCREENS 13
KITCHEN RANGE HOOD 13
REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM 13
WATER FAUCETS (AERATOR) 14
ATTIC ACCESS 15
CABINETS 15
CAULKING 15
CERAMIC TILE 16
CONDENSATION/ HUMIDIFIER 16
COUNTERTOPS 17
DOORS AND LOCKS 17
DRYWALL 18
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 18
SMOKE DETECTOR 20
EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION 21
FIREPLACE 21
FLOORING 22
GAS SHUT-OFFS 23
HARDWARE 24
HEATING/FURNACE SYSTEM 24
PAINT AND STAIN 26
PLUMBING 26
RAILINGS 29
SHOWER DOORS AND TUBS 29
WATER HEATER 30
WOOD TRIM 30
b) MAINTENANCE OUTSIDE YOUR HOME 32
CAULKING 32
CONCRETE FLATWORK 32
DAMP-PROOFING 33
DECKS 33
DOORS AND LOCKS 34
FOUNDATION 35
GAS SHUT OFFS 36
GRADING AND DRAINAGE 36
GUTTERS AND DOWNSPOUTS 37
PAINT AND STAIN 38
RAILINGS 38
ROOF 39
SEPTIC SYSTEM 40
SIDING 43
VINYL 43
STUCCO 43
SUMP PUMP 44
VENTILATION 45
WINDOWS, SCREENS AND SLIDING GLASS DOORS 46
WOOD TRIM 48
5) SEPTIC SYSTEM MAINTENANCE CHECKLIST 49
6) Water Well & Cistern 51
WATER WELL 51
CISTERN 52
APPENDIX A: SOLAR INFORMATION 53
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1) MOVE-IN CHECKLIST
Before moving into your new house, there are a
couple of big tasks you’ll need to prioritize. If
you know these of your new home checklist,
the rest of the process will run smoothly.
a) Transfer Utilities
Before you can move into your new home
and get comfortable, you need to set up
your physical utilities: Gas, electricity and
land-line if applicable.
b) Update Your Address
Reminder to update all personal
information with your brand-new address.
From government ID’s to banking, car
registrations etc. (mail boxes are to be dealt
with through Canada Post)
c) Mailbox Transfers
Go to your local post office and request the
Mover’s Guide packet.
Inside the packet is PS Form 3575 (forms
may be subject to change). Fill out this
change of address form and give it to a
postal worker behind the counter
You should receive a confirmation letter at
your new address in five business days.
When registering online please create an
online Canada Post account
d) Community Mail Box Key
If you've just moved to a new residence
where you’ll receive mail at a community
mailbox, complete the online form to
request new keys.
Use link below to go to Canada Post
website.
https://www.canadapost-
postescanada.ca/information/app/ccm/per
sonal/create?type=1.4.1.3
You’ll receive a notice card when your keys
are ready. Bring it along with government-
issued photo identification to the post
office indicated on your notice card.
The cost to replace lost or stolen
community mailbox keys is $29 plus taxes.
If your keys don't work, we'll replace both
the lock and your keys at no charge.
To protect the privacy and security of your
mail, we don't keep copies of the keys to
your community mailbox.
e) Locate Shut-off Valves
In the event of an emergency leak or you’re
doing repairs and you need to shut off your
water, it’s necessary to locate your shut –
off valve.
f) Locate Circuit Breaker
Every once in a while, you may need to
replace a fuse or reset a circuit breaker (just
try running your hair dryer and air
conditioner in the same room at the same
time!) And if there’s a power outage, you
don’t want to be searching through the dark
to find it.
g) Connect TV and Internet
No one likes moving into a dead zone. Make
sure you’re up and running before move-in
day by setting up services that work for you.
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Schedule installation at least 2-3 weeks in
advance to ensure that your services are
activated in a timely manner and to also get
the appointment slot that is most
convenient for you.
h) Prepare to Pack
As you inch closer to move-in day, start to
throw out or donate things you don’t need
(like unused clothes and furniture) and take
note of what needs to be replaced. Keep
the layout and measurements of your new
home in mind, as this could mean more or
less space for your belongings.
i) Utilize Home Maintenance
Information
Continue on learning the aspects of keeping
your home in pristine condition with this
manual. Refer to section 2 through 7 for
additional resource material.
Staying on top of your home’s regular maintenance can reduce the number of costly
repairs homeowners and Public Works have to make. Regularly checking your exterior,
plumbing, heating, cooling, electrical and appliances helps prevent breakdowns and
keeps your home looking its best. Use this list to help schedule your monthly and
seasonal updates, repairs, and cleaning.
HOME MAINTENANCE: THE COMPLETE CHECKLIST
MONTHLY
Replace Furnace Filter
(every 3 months)
Clean range hood
Test/ inspect smoke detectors, CO
detector, & fire extinguisher
Clean Filters for appliances
Deep Cleaning
Unclog drains (hair, scum)
Vacuum fridge coils
WINTER
SUMMER
FALL
SPRING
Change Furnace, water, and humidifier filters
Clean Dryer Exhaust
Clean Gutters & downspouts
Inspect Sump Pump (plugged in, operational)
Make Wells, Cisterns, and Septic Systems
Accessible (DO NOT USE a Ride-On Lawnmower
on Septic Field)
Put downspouts down for drainage
Wash outside windows and siding
Re-seal deck, fence and other outdoor wood
Turn on and inspect hose bibs
Fertilize lawn
Change Furnace, water, and humidifier filters
Aerate lawn
Clean Gutters & downspouts
Turn off water valve for hose bibs
Make Wells, Cisterns, and Septic Systems
Accessible (DO NOT USE a Ride-On
Lawnmower on Septic Field)
Drain and turn off exterior hose bibs
Fix weather stripping and seal cracks
Service heating system
Put outdoor furniture and frill into storage
Rake leaves
Clean bathroom vents
Change Furnace, water, and humidifier filters
Put downspouts down for drainage
Fertilize lawn
Make Wells, Cisterns, and Septic Systems
Accessible (DO NOT USE a Ride-On Lawnmower
on Septic Field)
Adjust humidifier to summer setting
Adjust humidifier to winter setting
Change Furnace, water, and humidifier filters
Put downspouts up to prevent damage
Make Wells, Cisterns, and Septic Systems
Accessible (DO NOT USE a Ride-On
Lawnmower on Septic Field)
Remove snow build up from windows/doors.
Pour few gallons of water in sump pit (test)
MY ADDRESS:___________________________________________________
LLD: _____ ¼ SECTION_____ RANGE_____ TOWNSHIP 23, W5M
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
MON-FRI 8:00AM-4:00PM
OFFICE: 403.281.0754
AFTER HOURS (EMERGENCIES ONLY): 587.227.8772
Contact Public Works for the following emergencies:
In case of a housing emergency for the following emergencies:
• Flood
• Water backup
• Sewer backup
• No electricity
• No gas
• No heat
Please contact the Public Works Service Coordinator during
working hours:
Work Hours: 8:00AM– 4:30PM
Public Works Office: 403-281-0754
After hours Emergency Line: 587-227-8772
POWER OUTAGES:
ENMAX 403-514-6100
Fortis Alberta 310-WIRE (9473)
GAS ISSUES:
ATCO Emergency Line 1-800-511-3447
3) EMERGENCY AND UTILITY
CONTACT INORMATION
CALL BEFORE YOU DIG!
1-800-242-3447
ALBERTA ONE CALL
Your new home may have utility services already, so getting an account set-up in your name could only take a phone call to
the utility company. If you already have electricity and/or gas in your name, you may be able to transfer accounts from one
billing address to another.
Try to call the utility company at least two weeks before you take possession of your home. New customers will need to
provide their full name and contact information (phone number and email), service address, and desired service start date.
You may also be asked to provide some type of identification, such as your drivers license number. If you want to switch to a
competitive provider at a future date, you can do this after service is set up with the regulated rate provider.
ADDIITONAL UTILITY INFORMATION
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4) HOME MAINTENANCE
INFORMATION
a) MAINTENANCE INSIDE YOUR
HOME
APPLIANCES
All your new appliances are installed and
tested for operation in your home. The
manufacturer’s appliance warranties take
effect on the date of closing. The appliance
manufacturer’s warranty their products
directly to you according to the terms and
conditions of the warranties they provide
with the appliances. Your builder will ensure
that those documents are in your home
when you take possession. Please contact
Tsuut’ina Nation Public works for non-
emergency warranties.
FILTERS
Air and water filters in your house benefit at
least two aspects of your life; Heath and
Cleanliness. It’s important that you find out
what you’ve got. Filters can range from;
Furnace, Dryer, Humidifier, HRV, Water
Filters and Range Hood. When changing a
filter, record the date if possible of when it
was changed and where possible write the
date on the filter itself.
FURNACE
One of the first things you should do when
taking possession of a house is to change the
furnace filter.
Write down the size and note which way it’s
installed. With some filters it matters which
direction the air is flowing. Most large
hardware/home stores carries the standard
sizes. Replace it at the start of each season
(Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter)
DRYER
Always clean the dryer filter after every load.
This will help reduce the amount of lint going
down the whole dryer duct inside your
house.
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Having excess lint in your dryer trap can
cause the dryer to work harder and even
overheat. Go outside and feel the air flow
coming out of the exhaust vent when the
dryer is running. Have the dryer ducting
between the dryer and the exterior cleaned
about once a year. If this duct becomes
clogged, there are the possibilities of
overheating and fire.
WASHER
If your washer is not working or is leaking
please do not use your washer and contact
the Public Works service and maintenance
team for further diagnostic. It may need
servicing from the supplier and manufacture.
Maintaining and cleaning your washer:
For top loading clothes washer, vinegar and
baking soda can be used. The vinegar will
disinfect, helping kill mold and mildew. The
acidity of the vinegar will help dissolve soap
residue in the wash tub and can also be
helpful in dissolving lime deposits in pipes (if
you have hard water). The baking soda
cleans soap scrum and deodorize. Set your
washer to run on hot water with the largest
load setting. Do not add clothes or
detergent. Add 3-4 cups of white vinegar to
the water and allow the machine to agitate
for a minute to mix the vinegar and water.
Add about ½ cup of baking soda. Allow the
machine to run again to ix the baking soda.
Stop the washer at this point and allow the
water to sit for 30 minutes to 1 hour. Ise the
mixture inside the machine to wipe down
the outside of the machine. use an old
toothbrush to clean the detergent dish. After
an hour, turn the machine on and let it finish
the cycle until the water is gone. Use cloth to
wipe inside the drum. If needed run the hot
water is gone. Use a cloth to wipe inside the
drum. If needed run the hot water cycle one
more time.
HUMIDIFIER
Dry indoor air is one of the aspects of the
winter season that you might not think
about. When your furnace or heating system
kicks into gear, your indoors air can turn dry,
resulting in a bunch of undesired effects like
scratchy throats, sinus congestion and dry,
cracked skin.
Home humidifier filter pads are generally
pretty simple to replace, but humidifiers can
vary slightly depending on the type and
manufacturer of humidifier you have, so
before you start changing your filter, make
sure you consult the instructions that came
with your unit, if you still have them. That
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said, each humidifier will typically follow this
step-by-step process:
Step 1: Turn off the Humidistat
Before you can access your furnace
humidifier's filter pad, you’ll first need to
Turn of power to your unit. Find the
humidistat and turn it to the off position
Step 2: Remove the Top Cover
To access your humidifier’s filter pad, start
by removing the fasteners that hold the top
cover of your humidifier in place. Some
models use removable nuts. Others use
retaining side clips to fasten the top cover.
As you remove the top cover, be sure to
place any small parts in a secure location so
you don’t lose them. Then, using an
adjustable wrench, remove the nut that
secures the water inlet feed tube (also called
the water distributor). Once the tube is
loosened, swing it out of the way of the top
cover and lift the top cover from the housing
cabinet. You should then be able to lift and
remove the humidifier pad in the unit.
Step 3: Inspect the Pad and Clean
As we mentioned earlier, changing
humidifier pads is only necessary once or
twice a year. That said, it’s worth checking
your filter monthly, as buildup of all kinds
can accumulate on your filter. In many cases,
you’ll be able to give your filter a quick
cleaning and simultaneously lengthen its life.
However, if it’s been over a year since your
last replacement — or the filter seems
clogged or calcified — you’ll need a
replacement. To clean the pad, you can use a
commercial cleaning product like Lime-Away
or CLR Remover. You can also create a 1:3
white vinegar and water solution to soak the
filter in until the calcification is removed.
Step 4: Replace Humidifier Pad
If your house humidifier’s pad is completely
clogged, you’ll need to replace it. To replace
the pad, remove the old pad from the unit
housing and discard it. Before replacing the
filter, you may want to take a moment to
clean the humidifier housing as it may have
accumulated dust, debris, and mineral
deposits. Use a commercial mold and
mildew spray to clean all sides of the tray.
Once the tray is clean, insert a new
evaporator pad into the housing. In most
cases, there will be tracks on each side of the
housing that will help guide the filter down
into the unit.
Step 5: Reassemble the Unit
When you have correctly replaced your
humidifier filter, place the top cover back in
place over the pad and re-insert the
retaining clips to secure it. Then, swing the
water distributor back in place and tighten it
with the adjustable wrench. From there,
make sure all other connections are secured.
Once everything is back where it belongs, it’s
a good idea to give your humidifier a test run
to make sure it's operating correctly and
there aren’t any condensation leaks.
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HEAT RECOVERY VENTILATOR (HRV)
Many new energy efficient homes come with
HRV’s.
These provide a source of fresh filtered air
into the house and exhaust the stale
air. HRV’s have several filters including
sponge sheets as well as the corrugated
core. Vacuuming or washing with soap and
water usually does the trick – follow the
instructions in the owner’s manual.
WINDOW SCREENS
Believe it or not, these are filters – bug
filters! But they get dirty too and sometimes
torn. Check your window screens in the
spring for tears or looseness. Wipe very
gently with a damp sponge.
Refer to your manufactures guide for further
instructions.
KITCHEN RANGE HOOD
Check the screen under the fan – it will
accumulate grease and dust over time,
reducing their effectiveness.
REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM
(Applicable to home owners with Wells not Cisterns)
Reverse osmosis (RO) systems are great to
have under your sink to provide you high-
quality water to drink, cook with, or run to
the ice machine.
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To make sure the system continues to
remove dissolved solids and that the quality
of that water stays remains high, RO systems
require periodic maintenance.
1. Sediment Filter: Your sediment filter
should be changed out every 12 months.
This pre-filter stage is designed to strain
out sediment, silt and dirt. This is
especially important as the sediment
filter protects dirt from getting to the
delicate RO Membranes If you fail to
change this filter on schedule, dirt and
silt can reach the RO membranes which
can then easily become clogged and foul.
The RO membrane is the most expensive
filter in the RO system, so it's important
to protect it.
2. Carbon Filter: the carbon filter is
designed to filter lead, pesticides,
chlorine and many other contaminants
that affect the performance and life of
the RO membrane as well as the taste
and odor of your water. Your RO system
might include both a granular activated
carbon (GAC) filter as well as a carbon
block filter. Both types of carbon have
excellent adsorption capabilities. Both
the carbon block filter and the polishing
filter (GAC filter) should be replaced
every 6-12 months. The lifespan of a
carbon filter will vary depending on how
dirty or contaminated the water is.
Carbon quality, humidity and usage can
also factor into how long a carbon filter
can last.
3. Reverse Osmosis Membrane: The semi-
permeable RO membrane in your RO
system is designed to allow water
through, but filter out almost all
additional contaminants. If you take care
to replace the previous sediment
and carbon filter on schedule, the RO
membrane should only need to be
replaced every two to three years. Of
course, the schedule will vary based on
the quality of your water and household
water usage.
4. Polishing (GAC) Filter: In a four-stage RO
System, a final post filter will “polish” off
the water to remove any remaining taste
and odor in the water. This final filter is a
GAC (granular activated carbon) filter
mentioned above. The GAC filter ensures
you’ll have outstanding drinking water.
WATER FAUCETS (AERATOR)
Aerators help keep pieces of lead and other
particles from getting into your water.
Clean your drinking water faucet aerator at
least every six months.
Here is a link to help you better understand:
https://www.thespruce.com/clearing-a-
blocked-faucet-aerator-2718807
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ATTIC ACCESS
Attic space is not designed or intended for
storage. Access to the attic is for the
inspection and maintenance of insulation,
vents, chimneys, or other mechanical
equipment that may be installed in the attic.
If you or any service people perform
maintenance or inspections in the attic, use
great caution and avoid stepping off wood
member onto the drywall under the
insulation. Stepping off the trusses or wood
member can result in personal injury or
damage to the ceiling below. Your access
hatch is typically located in hallways or
bedrooms.
CABINETS
Your cabinets are constructed with solid
birch plywood. Your builder may have left
information about your cabinets.
CLEANING
Products such as lemon oil or polishes that
include scratch cover are usually
recommended for wood cabinet care by the
manufacturer. Follow the cabinet
manufacturer’s directions, or the cleaning
product directions. Avoid washing cabinets
with water or ammonia cleaners.
HINGES
If cabinet doors become misaligned, most
new cabinet hardware can be adjusted by
homeowners with ordinary household tools.
If hinges catch or drawer glides bind or stick,
a small amount of silicone lubricant will help.
If lubricant does not help check to ensure
nothing is inhibiting movement, or the
cabinets or hardware have not been
damaged in some way.
HANDY HINT – STRIPPED SCREW HOLE
If a screw turns but doesn’t tighten, the
screw hole may be stripped. A quick remedy:
1. Remove the screw and hardware.
2. Dip toothpicks in glue, jam as many
as you can into the hole and break
them off. (either flat or round
toothpicks will work.) wipe away glue
drips with a damp cloth. You don’t
have to wait for the glue to dry or
drill new screw holes.
3. Reinstall the hardware by driving
screws right into the toothpicks.
This link has a good video on how to repair
cabinet doors and hinges:
https://youtu.be/i_IOtGwI6wk
MOISTURE
Damage to cabinet finishes and door
warping can result from using appliances
that generate large amounts of head or
moisture (such as counter top ovens,
crockpots, or water kettles) too near the
cabinet. Warping can also be caused by
leaving large amounts of water sitting on
and around the cabinet areas.
CAULKING
Over time caulking may dry out and shrink
so that it no longer provides a good seal
between baseboards and walls, or between
millwork counter or vanity tops and walls.
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In wet areas silicone caulking may shrink, de-
bond, or show signs of mildew. As part of
your routine maintenance (always use the
right product) check caulking monthly and
repair or replace as necessary.
CERAMIC TILE
CLEANING
Ceramic tile is low maintenance. Vacuum or
sweep floor tile for normal cleaning. Tile can
also be mopped with warm water. The
ceramic tile on the walls or back splashing in
your home may be cleaned with any
approved nonabrasive soap, detergent, or
tile cleaner.
GROUT DISCOLOURATION
Clean grout that becomes yellowed or
stained with a fiber brush, cleanser and
water. Products for cleaning grout are
available at most home hardware stores.
SEPARATIONS
Slight separations between tiles and the
grout will occur and is normal. Grouting is
intended to finish the tile surface, but does
not hold the tile in place or affect the
performance. Gaps or cracks in the grouting
can be filled using premixed grout available
at home hardware stores.
CONDENSATION/ HUMIDIFIER
When warm, moist air comes into contact
with cooler surfaces, the moisture
condenses. In your home, condensation is
seen as a layer of moisture on the inside of
glass windows and doors. This condensation
is usually caused by high humidity within the
home combined with low outside
temperatures and inadequate ventilation.
Your lifestyle and the number of people in
the home can influence this condition.
HUMIDIFIER OPERATION
There are 3 basic reasons why a home
should be humidified
1. Static electricity is occurring in the
home.
2. Health and comfort issues cause by
dry air.
3. Protection of hygroscopic materials
in the home.
HUMIDISTAT
Homes are equipped with a de-humidistat.
These are electrical devices which operate
the bathroom fan(s) in your home on a
timed schedule. These are installed
according to building code and should run
for a period of 8 hours per day. There are
electronic and mechanical units.
TEMPERATURE
Keep your home heated to a normal,
comfortable, recommended living range
between 20 - 22 degrees Celsius. Excess heat
or cold may cause excess shrinkage, or
excess moisture in your home.
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VENTILATION
Ensure that bathroom fans operate while
showering or bathing and are left on until all
excess moisture in the bathroom has
dissipated.
HUMIDITY GUIDE
Outside Air
Temperature in
Celsius
Desirable Maximum Inside
Relative Humidity (%) at an
Indoor Temperature of 21
Celsius
-29 20%
-24 25%
-18 30%
-12 35%
-7 40%
COUNTERTOPS
Use a cutting board to protect your counters
when you cut or chop. Protect the counter
from heat and from extremely hot pans. If
you cannot put your hand on it, do not put it
on the counter. Do not use countertops as
ironing boards and do not set lighted
cigarettes on the edge of the counter. Do not
use countertops to pound objects on or use
them to sit on.
CAULKING
The caulking between the countertop and
the wall, along the joint at the backsplash
(the section of counter that extends a few
inches up the wall along the counter area)
and around the sink may shrink, leaving a
slight gap. If a gap occurs water may see
below the countertop causing damage to the
countertop or to the cabinets below.
Maintaining a good seal in these locations is
important to keep moisture from reaching
the wood under the laminates and to
prevent warping.
SEPERATION FROM WALL
Countertops will separate from walls,
backsplashes and around sinks. This is a
normal occurrence due to the normal
shrinkage of materials. Maintaining the
caulking is part of the homeowner’s
maintenance responsibilities.
CLEANING
Follow the manufacturer’s
recommendations for cleaning.
DOORS AND LOCKS
Doors inside new homes are wood products
and are subject to shrinkage and warpage if
the humidity level of your home is not
maintained at an acceptable level, or if the
finish (paint or stain etc.) is damaged and left
unrepaired.
FAILURE TO LATCH
If a door will not latch because of minor
settlement of the structure, the latch plate
can be adjusted as necessary. Before
adjusting the latch plate check that the hinge
screws are tight.
HINGES
If hinges on swing doors in your home
squeak, apply a silicone spray lubricant to
correct this.
LOCKS
Lubricate door locks with silicone spray or
another non-staining, waterproof lubricant.
Avoid using oil, as it may solidify and become
gummy.
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STICKING
The most common cause of a sticking door is
the natural expansion of the door or framing
lumber caused by changes in humidity. If
doors stick, check and tighten the hinge
screws that hold the door jamb or door
frame. If light planning is necessary after
trying this, use sandpaper to smooth the
door and paint or stain the sanded area to
seal it. If the sticking is excessive contact
your builder to ensure there isn’t a more
serious problem.
WEATHER STRIPPING
Weather stripping and exterior door
thresholds occasionally require cleaning and
adjustment or replacement.
DRYWALL
Slight cracking, nail pops, or seam joints may
appear in walls and ceilings. These are
caused by the shrinkage of the wood and
normal deflection of wall studs, trusses or
rafters to which the drywall is attached.
REPAIRS
For drywall repairs please refer to online
learning material. Search for step by step
guides to assist in patching any large cracks
and holes in the drywall.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
During your orientation of your new home
you will have been shown the main electrical
breaker panel that includes a main shut-off
that controls all the electrical power to the
home. Each breaker is marked to help you
identify which breaker is connected to each
major appliances, outlets or other service. If
a power failure occurs in any single part of
your home, always check the breakers in the
main panel box first.
BREAKERS
Circuit breakers have three positions: ON,
OFF and TRIPPED. When a circuit breaker
trips it must first be turned off before it can
be turned back on. Switching the breaker
directly from TRIPPED to ON will not restore
power service.
BREAKERS TRIPPING
Breakers usually trip because of overloads
caused by plugging too many appliances into
the circuit, a worn cord or defective
appliance, or operating an appliance with
too high a voltage or wattage requirement
for the circuit. The sudden starting of an
electric motor can also trip a breaker. If a
breaker trips repeatedly check for any of the
above causes.
19 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
FIXTURE LOCATION
Moving fixtures (lights in the ceiling or wall)
to accommodate furniture arrangements or
special needs is a homeowner responsibility.
Please consult with a qualified electrician.
GROUND FAULT CIRCUIT
INTERRUPRTER (GFCI)
GFCI receptacles have built in elements that
sense small fluctuations in power. A FGFCI is
just another type of circuit breaker, only
more sensitive. Building codes require
installation of these receptacles near water
sources such as bathrooms, the kitchen and
outside (areas where an individual can come
into contact with water while holding an
electric appliance or tool).
There are GFCI receptacles (plugs) which are
installed inside and outside your home and
there are GFCI breakers which are installed
in the electrical panel.
Each GFCI circuit has a TEST and RESET
button, each of which is usually colored
differently from the GFCI itself and will be
clearly marked. each month, press the TEST
button. This will trip the circuit. To restore
service, press the RESET button. If a GFCI
breaker trips during normal use, it may
indicate a faulty appliance and you will need
to investigate the problem. One GFCI
breaker can control up to two outlets.
This link shoes how to reset a G.F.C.I. plug:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=trLeLJd
MWWI
POWER SURGE
Power surges are the result of conditions
beyond the control of your builder and are
excluded from warranty coverage. These can
result in burned-out bulbs or damage to
sensitive electronic equipment such as TVs,
alarm systems and computers. Damage
resulting from surges or lightning strikes
is excluded from warranty coverage.
LIGHT BULBS
The homeowner is responsible for replacing
burned-out bulbs other than those noted
during your orientation.
NO POWER/ELECTRICITY TO YOUR
UNIT
If all the power in your home goes out, check
to see if there is a power blackout in your
community. If not, check your main breaker
(in the electrical panel) and reset it after
checking for current overload.
To do this, locate and open the door on your
electrical panel. Look for a breaker that has
moved from the “on “position to the “off”
position (also known as a tripped breaker),
or is halfway between the two.
Move the breaker to the full “off” position,
and then move it to the full “on” position.
This will restore power to that circuit.
If power is not restored, it may be a sign of a
more serious electrical problem and you
should contact the TTN Public works
Department.
This website has a good video on how to fix a
tripped breaker:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vf-
m1QisJ6c
20 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
Note: Electricity can be dangerous. Always
make sure your hands are dry and you’re
standing on a dry surface when working on
your electrical panel
SMOKE DETECTOR
Unlike other major appliances, smoke and co
detectors have a shorter shelf life, smoke
detectors generally lasting 10 years and co
detectors lasting five. Like any other
appliance, however, your detectors can be a
little unpredictable and break down early. A
well-functioning detector needs more than
just a new pair of batteries, but routine
cleaning and care. To stay safe inside the
comfort of your home, here are five easy
maintenance tips for your smoke and co
detectors.
• Replace batteries annually. Instead of
waiting for that annoying chirp, it’s best to
keep track of when you replaced the
batteries, and act accordingly. Pick a date
once a year to go throughout your home
and replace the batteries for each detector.
It’s always better to be safe than sorry.
• Test your detectors. The best way to ensure
your detectors work like they should is by
routinely testing them. Co detectors, which
test for carbon monoxide, should be tested
weekly, especially since the gas is odorless,
colorless, and can be fatal to breathe in.
Smoke detectors can be tested once a
month. Both detectors have a test button
used for basic testing to ensure they’re
responsive.
• Make sure your detectors are in the right
location. Something you may not have
considered is where your detectors are
located. A detector should be in each
bedroom, enclosed area, and separate
floor, but they also only function properly in
certain conditions. Make sure to keep all
smoke detectors at least 10 feet from any
cooking appliances, as that can cause false
alarms. Placing a smoke detector near any
windows, doors, or ducts can decrease how
effective they are. Co detectors are even
touchier than smoke detectors, and should
be kept away from any heat source, dust,
humidity, and extreme cold or hot
temperatures.
• Keep your detectors clean of debris. Dirty
detectors can cause false alarms, which is
why it’s important to clean the inside and
outside of each detector when you change
the batteries. You can clean the inside of
the detector of dust and debris by using
either an air compressor or vacuum hose.
The outside of the detector can be cleaned
with a damp cloth. A clean detector
guarantees it will only go off when it’s
supposed to, and spares you the trouble of
stressful false alarms.
• Look into false alarms. A false alarm can be
caused by a variety of reasons. If a detector
starts to go off constantly, don’t just replace
it, it’s time to investigate. A detector that
frequently goes off could simply be a
matter of a bad location, such as being too
close to the kitchen or bathroom. The
batteries inside may have become loose or
need replacement. The detector could also
just be a little dusty. If, however, none of
these solutions solves the constant chirping,
it’s time to replace your detector.
These links show how to replace a battery in a
smoke detector:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C9iKopZ2
NeU
http://www.wikihow.com/Change-the-
Batteries-in-Your-Smoke-Detector
21 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION
Changes in temperature and humidity cause
all building materials to expand and contract.
Different materials expand or contract at
different rates and this movement can result
in separation between materials. When this
happens the bond of the caulking may break
and small gaps or cracks may appear. Minor
cracking or small gaps are the result of
normal settling and are the homeowner’s
responsibility. Excessive cracks or gaps may
be subject to further investigation.
FIREPLACE
Your home may have with either a gas or
wood burning fireplace.
GAS FIREPLACE
Most new homes have direct-vent gas
fireplace installed. The operation of your gas
fireplace is demonstrated during the
orientation and homeowners are shown
exactly where the das shut-off valve is. Read
and follow all manufactures directions which
are attached to the inside of the bottom of
the fireplace units by a flexible cord so they
do not become lost.
The instruction card affixed to the unit also
has illustrations on how to light and operate
the fireplace. Open flame sources for lighting
are not typically needed since most
fireplaces have an electro-mechanical spark
device built in.
Caution: the exterior vent cover for a direct-
vent gas fireplace becomes extremely hot
when the fireplace is operating
CRACKS
If your fireplace has masonry, tile, or a
natural stone hearth finish it is normal that
there may be shrinkage of mortar resulting
in hairline cracks in masonry, or grout of the
tile or natural stone. Your builder will repair
cracks that exceed 2mm in width. The repair
consists of painting or patching and the
mortar or grout color will be matched as
closely as possible, but expect some
variation.
22 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
The direct vent for the gas fireplace on the
outside of your home is caulked at the
connections to the cladding and the painted
surface may degrade from heat. It is a
homeowner’s responsibility to maintain the
caulking and paint.
DISCOLOURATION
Discoloration of the firebox or firebrick lining
is a normal result of use and requires no
corrective action.
CHIMNEY (WOOD FIREPLACE)
Chimney cleaning is performed according to
the type of fireplace installed and the
frequency of use. It is recommended that
home owners consult the manufacturer’s
recommendations and the local fire
protection authority for information about
cleaning.
GLASS DOORS (WOOD FIRPLACES)
On fireplaces with glass enclosed fireboxes a
white haze will appear on the inside of the
glass. This is a normal accumulation of
minerals which are the by-product of
combustion. Glass enclosures can be
removed for cleaning according to the
instructions in the manual. Use only
approved cleaners available at the fireplace.
Do not use household cleaners with
ammonia or detergents.
WATER INFLITRATION
In periods of unusually heavy or prolonged
precipitation or precipitation Driven by high
winds some water can enter the fireplace and
the home through the chimney. This is not a
defect under the terms of your limited warranty.
FLOORING
In the maintenance of hardwood floors
preventive maintenance is the primary goal.
CLEANING
Sweep on a daily basis or as needed. Never
wet-mop a hardwood or laminate floor
unless the manufacturer approves doing so.
Excessive water can enter the gaps between
boards at joints and can cause the wood to
expand and can damage the floor. When
polyurethane finishes on laminate becomes
dirty refer to the manufacturer’s cleaning
recommendations.
DIMPLES
Placing heavy furniture, dropping heavy or
sharp objects, or walking with high heeled
shoes on hardwood floors can result in
dimples or cutes or bruise damage.
FUNITURE LEGS
Install proper floor protectors (felts or glides)
on the legs of any furniture placed on
hardwood floors. Protectors will allow chairs
and larger furniture to move more easily
over the floor without scuffing or scratching.
23 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
Regularly clean or replace the protectors to
remove any grit that may have accumulated
which can cause scratching or wear of the
surface of the floor finish.
HUMIDITY
Wood floors may respond noticeably to
changes in humidity in your home. During
winter months the individual planks or
sections can expand and contract as water
content changes. Laminate floors are
typically” floating floor” assemblies and are
not attached to the sub-floor so some
movement may be noticed. This is normal
unless theirs is buckling or if squeaks
develop at transition strips
MATS AND RUGS
Use protective mats at the exterior doors
and entries from damaging the floor. Hard
mats such as “coco” mats should help
prevent sand/mud. All mats should be taken
up frequently for cleaning of any damage.
SEPARATION
Expect some shrinkage which will be noticed
at the joints of the wood plank or board
sections near heat vents or any heat-
producing appliances, or during seasonal
weather changes.
SPILLS
Clean up food spills immediately with a dry
cloth. Never allow water or any liquid to
stand on the wood or laminate floor.
SPLINTERS
When wood or laminate floors are new,
small splinters of wood at the joints. Care is
taken to remove these prior to the
homeowner taking possession of the home,
but the nature of natural wood may mean
that a few splinters do appear. To remove
them, carefully use a sharp object like a
razor knife to cut them - do not pull at a
splinter in case it tears along the wood grain
and damages the board.
SUN EXPOSURE
Exposure to direct sunlight can cause
irreparable damage, discoloration or fading
to hardwood floors. To maintain your
hardwood or laminate floors install and use
window coverings in these areas.
TRAFFIC PATHS
Eventually the foot traffic paths will wear the
finish- this is normal wear and tear.
WARPING
Warping will occur if the floor repeatedly
becomes wet or is thoroughly soaked.
Laminate floors may absorb the water and
buckle and be destroyed. Unless the water
damage is a result of a structural defect or
finishing defect, water damage will not be
covered.
GAS SHUT-OFFS
SAFTY FIRST
You will find shut-offs on gas lines near their
connection to each item that operates on
gas such as your gas furnace, gas hot water
tank, fireplace, gas range or cooktop, or
outside barbeque connection. In addition,
there is a main shut-off controlling gas to the
entire home at the meter.
24 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
GAS LEAK
If you smell or suspect a gas leak leave the
home and call the gas company immediately.
HARDWARE
Doorknobs and locks should operate
correctly with little maintenance.
Occasionally they may need slight
adjustments due to normal shrinkage of the
framing, door frame or the doors. On
occasion homeowners may need to tighten
screws or lubricate the handles and hinges
with silicone spray lubricant.
HEATING/FURNACE SYSTEM
FURNACE: GAS FORCED AIR
Proper maintenance of your furnace can save fuel
costs and prolong the life of the furnace. Carefully
read and follow the manufacturer’s literature on
use and maintenance.
Note: if your furnace is not operating, ensure that
the breaker has not tripped. Check the thermostat
setting to ensure it has not been turned down.
This website has a good video on how to address
the problem of no heat in your unit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgOnfG62aB
M
ADJUST VENTS
Experiment with the adjustable floor or ceiling
registers in your home to establish the best heat
flow for your lifestyle. You may reduce the heat in
seldom-used rooms, but do not turn it off
completely in cold conditions
COMBUSTION AIR
Furnaces installed in basements, or in utility closets
in garages or over crawl spaces have an outside
combustion air duct. This combustion vent allows
unrestricted fresh air into the combustion
chambers of the gas furnace and gas heater. The
end of this duct on the outside of your home is
covered with a screen to restrict insects or small
animals from entering the duct. Cold air coming in
though this duct means it is functioning as it
should.
Caution: Never cover or block the combustion air
vent in any way at the outside of your home or
inside your home where the vent terminates.
Outside air is needed to supply the furnace with
sufficient oxygen to supply the flame. Blocking the
combustion air vent will cause the furnace to
draw air down the vent pipe and pull poisonous
gases back into your home.
25 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
If your home is not equipped with CO
(Carbon Monoxide) sensors, or they are
not functioning properly Carbon Monoxide
poisoning may occur.
DUCTWORK NOISE
Some popping or pinging sounds are the
natural result of airflow as the system
operates. As ductwork and vents expand
and ductwork heating and cooling in
response to changes in the temperature of
the contract noise is the result.
FILTERS
Keeping furnace filters clean will save on
fuel and heating costs and help in keeping
the inside of your home as dust free as
possible. Change or clean the filter monthly
during the heating season. Clogged filters
can slow airflow and cause the fan to run
too long and can create cold spots in your
home.
Note: this website shows how to change a
furnace filter.
https://youtu.be/-lO4xAsTyqM
ODOR
A new heating system may produce an odor
for a few moments when unused for an
extended time (such as after the summer
months). This is caused by dust that has
settled in the heating elements and in the
ducts.
ON/OFF SWITCH
The furnace has an on/Off switch. This
switch is the same as a regular light switch
and is located on the wall outside the
furnace room and will be labeled.
REGISTERS
Heat register covers are removable and
adjustable. Homeowners are responsible
for adjusting the grilles in these covers to
regulate the heat.
RETURN AIR VENTS
In the home there are several grilles
attached to the walls just above the floor.
These are cold air return vents for the
heating system. It is important that these
areas are kept free of obstruction such as
furniture or drapes, which will block the
return airflow to the furnace causing it to
operate inefficiently.
26 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
PAINT AND STAIN
Avoid abrasive cleaners, scouring pads, or
scrub brushes on any paint surface since
these will cause damage. If cleaning with
soap and water is not successful a
commercial cleaner may be required
followed by touch-up of the paint.
STAIN
The same stain or closely matching
products can be obtained for minor interior
woodwork stain touch-ups.
TOUCH-UP
When doing paint touch-ups use small
brush, applying paint only to the damaged
spot. If the paint is a latex eggshell, the best
way to apply the paint is to “stipple” the
paint on with the tip of the brush. Stippling
means to blot or dab the paint on with the
brush instead of applying long strokes.
If the painted surfaces are dirty or aged, the
touch-up may not match the surrounding
area even if the same paint from the
homeowner touch-up kit is used. If the
paint does not match the entire wall may
require painting. This is not the
responsibility of your builder or covered by
your warranty.
WALL CRACKS
It is suggested that you wait until after the
first ten months from the date of
possession to request that your builder
repair drywall cracks or other separations
due to shrinkage. The reason for this is that
normal settlement and the adjustment of
moisture contents of the building materials
take time to reach normal and stable
humidity levels.
After your “one-time repair” of drywall
cracks, homeowners are responsible for all
subsequent touch-up, except any painting
your builder performs as part of another
warranty repair.
CRACKING
With normal aging wood trim at window
sills and door sills may develop minor
cracks, or raised grain. most of this will
typically occur during the first year. Raised
grain will permit moisture to get under the
paint and can result in peeling or warping of
the boards when they are near areas of sun
exposure, moisture and temperature
variations. This is not a defect in materials
or of wood trim is a homeowner
responsibility.
PLUMBING
Your plumbing system has many
components, most require little
maintenance such as piping inside walls and
drainage systems. Making sure you use
fixtures properly, only flushing appropriate
waste down toilets, checking faucet and
hose screens and draining your hot water
tank as part of routine home maintenance
will ensure long life of all plumbing
components.
CLOGS
The main causes of toilet clogs are
household items being supplies, Q-tips,
dental floss, children’s toys, diapers,
27 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
excessive amounts of toilet paper, sanitary
garbage disposal use also causes many
plumbing clogs.
Never flush or wash hot or cold grease or
oil down a drain in particular, hot grease or
oil will travel down the pipes and when it
cools it will congeal and then stick to the
pipe wall eventually causing blockages.
Note: this video will help explain Clogs
better
https://youtu.be/WGyoyN4D6_o
or
https://youtu.be/8Invxjkna5o
if this doesn’t work, please call housing
department.
DRIPPING FAUCET
Most new plumbing fixtures use a washer-less
cartridge. If these wears or become damaged
the best solution is to replace them with new
units. If your builder has installed faucets with
washers contact your plumber or refer to the
manufacturer’s information on how to replace
them.
FREEZING PIPES
In freezing temperatures set the heat at a
minimum of 12 -14 degrees C. Keep garage
doors closed to protect plumbing lines
running through or into the garage area
from freezing temperatures (furnace and
hot water tank rooms).
In sub-zero freezing weather or if no one
will be in the home for a time, open cabinet
doors to allow warm air to circulate around
pipes under sinks and for refrigerator.
LEAKS
If a major plumbing leak occurs, the first
step is to turn off the main water supply to
the home. If a major water pipe leak occurs
it is better to minimize the damage and
allow the plumber to identify and isolate
the source of the leak.
Types of valves used for emergency water
shut off
28 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
MOLD IN BATHROOM
If mold has begun to grow in your bathroom
you need to remove it immediately. Use a
sponge, cloth or scrubbing brush to clean
mold off bathroom surface and an old
toothbrush to get into hard to reach places.
Three ways to tackle mold and mildew on
bathroom surface:
1. Make a paste with baking soda and
water. Apply with a sponge or rag, let sit
for 15 minutes for heavy duty jobs, then
rinse ad wipe clean.
2. . A spray bottle of undiluted white
vinegar will also do the trick, but be
careful. Vinegar is a strong acid that can
etch tile or grout. Use it only on the
caulking and rinse off well — it's always
best to do a test patch.
3. Liquid oxygen bleach is another option.
It's basically diluted hydrogen peroxide,
found in the laundry aisle of your
grocery store. Apply it with a spray
bottle or follow the manufacturer's
instructions.
4. If mold has worked its way behind the
caulking, you may have to re-caulk. If so,
choose non-toxic, 100 per cent silicone,
or notify the Housing Department.
Mold and mildew prevention is the key. It is
important to make sure bathroom fans are
rated to fit the size of the bathroom and
that they’re working properly
These links show how to remove bathroom
mold:
http://www.wikihow.com/Remove-
Bathroom-Mold
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xmnK
WqLphZA
MAIN SHUT-OFF
The water supply to your home can be shut
off entirely in two locations. The main shut
of valve will be in the Utility Room/Furnace
Room, the other location will be near the
Faucets/Toilets. Your builder will show you
where and how to turn off the main water
supply in your home during your
orientation.
Your main water shut-off is located near
your water pressure tank inside the home.
Use this shut-off for major water
emergencies such as water line break. Each
toilet has a shut-off valve on the water line
under the tank and each sink has both a hot
and cold water shut-off under the sink or
nearby. Your dishwasher will have a shut-
off located under the sink or otherwise
located in the supply line.
29 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
LOW PRESSURE
If pressure is low throughout your home
contact public works. If pressure is only low
at one faucet or outlet check that the
services valve is fully open, that the faucet
aerator is not plugged or if it is the washing
machine, that the supply hose screen is not
blocked
OUTSIDE FAUCETS
Water line installations. If pipes freeze, call
a public-works/ plumbing company to thaw
them properly.
RAILINGS
Stained wood, enameled aluminum or
wrought iron railings in your home require
little maintenance beyond occasional
dusting or polishing. Protect railings from
damage. It is suggested that homeowners
cover railings with protective mats during
move-in.
SHOWER DOORS AND TUBS
Your builder warrants that shower doors
and tub according to the manufacturer’s
enclosures will function literature for care
and cleaning.
Handy Hint- Sink, Shower & Tub
If the shower or tub is draining slowly, clean
and unblock the tub/shower waste trap.
The buildup of hair, dirt and residue from
shampoo and cleaners can impede the flow
of water down the drain. To clean a blocked
trap:
1. Some showers have a removable,
strainer-like piece covering the drain.
Remove the strainer before you begin.
Gently pull away lingering strands with
your fingers, taking care not to push
clumps further down the drain.
2. Straighten a wire coat hanger, making a
hook at the end. Slowly insert it hook-
end first into the drain and then remove
it slowly while making a slight twisting
motion. You should catch some cringe-
worthy clumps this way, but it may take
several attempts.
3. To rid the drain of any lingering gunk,
flush it with an eco-friendly mixture of
baking soda, water and white vinegar
(or lemon Juice)
Most of the time, this is all it takes to clear
the clog. These links show how to fix a clog
toilet:
30 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-
83k9m5C1Io
these links show how to unclog a bathtub
drain:
http://www.wikihow.com/Unclog-a-
Bathtub-Drain
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uVC0j
ecDN9U
if the clog doesn’t clear, call the housing
department.
WATER HEATER
Always refer to the manufacturer’s
literature and warranty for your specific
model of water heater. As with another
appliance warranties the homeowner must
contact the manufacturer directly.
WATER HEATER: GAS
Carefully read and follow the
manufacturer’s literature for your specific
model of water heart.
DRAIN TANK
Depending on local water conditions,
draining the tank partially or completely is a
recommended maintenance item. Refer to
your manufacturer’s literature and also
consult your plumbing contractor for
guidelines and recommendations on the
frequency of performing the maintenance
according to local conditions.
SAFTY FIRST- Vacuum the area around a
gas-fired water heater to prevent dust from
interfering with proper flame combustion.
Avoid using the top of a heater as a storage
shelf and ensure that there are no
combustible items placed near the fame
box of the heater which is at the bottom.
ELEMENT CLEANING OR
REPLACEMENT ELECTRIC HOT WATER
TANK
The heating elements in the water heater
may require periodic cleaning or
replacement. Minerals and light silt film can
build up on the element reducing its
efficiency. The frequency of cleaning or
replacement is determined in part by the
quality of the water in your area and the
amount of use the tank gets. It is
recommended that homeowners contact an
authorized service company to have
elements cleaned or replaced.
WOOD TRIM
SHRINKAGE AND WARPING
Shrinkage of wood trim occurs during the
first two years or longer depending on the
temperature and humidity both outside and
inside your home. Wood is more prone to
shrinkage during the heating season.
Maintaining a moderate and stable
temperature and humidity level in your
home helps to minimize the effects of
shrinkage.
If shrinkage or warping causes a piece of
trim to pull away from the wall drive a
finishing nail of the appropriate size in to
fasten it. Fill the old nail hole with putty or
caulk and touch-up with paint as need.
31 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
If the base shoe (small trim between base
molding and the floor) appears to be lifting
from the floor, this is probably due to slight
shrinkage of the floor joists below. You can
correct this condition by re-nailing the shoe
with a finishing nail of the appropriate size.
32 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
b) MAINTENANCE OUTSIDE
YOUR HOME
CAULKING
Caulking materials are not “one-time”
installations as part of the outside of your
home. Over time the materials degrade
normally and shrinkage or cracks may
appear as building components move with
settlement. It is normal maintenance to
check and repair or replace caulking on your
home as needed. If the homeowner does
not feel competent to perform this
maintenance a contractor should be
consulted.
EXTERIOR CAULKING
Check any caulking at window, door jams,
vents and fireplace vent assemblies as
necessary. Repair or replace as appearance
and condition indicate, with approved
products only.
CONCRETE FLATWORK
Concrete flatwork is any non-load bearing
concrete in your home. Typical examples
are the garage floor slab, your patio and
sidewalks. Small “spider” cracks that may
develop are a result of normal concrete
shrinkage and are considered normal
concrete shrinkage and are considered
normal. The shrinkage occurs during the
curing process of the concrete and does not
affect the structural performance of the
concrete. Larger cracks may be covered
within your one-year warranty.
CRACKS
A concrete slab 3 meters across will shrink
approximately 1.5 cm as it cures and that is
the cause of the small spider cracks. Some
spider cracking of concrete flatwork also
results from temperature changes that
cause normal expansion and contraction of
the concrete.
Concrete slabs in outside areas may get
water in larger unsealed cracks and in
freezing temperatures may cause frost
heaves. To maintain slabs, ensure that
conditions are dry and then seal the cracks
with an approved color-matching sealant.
EXPANSION JOINTS
Expansion joints help control expansion and
minimize and control cracking. In wet
conditions moisture can penetrate under
the concrete and lift the expansion joint. If
the expansion joint lifts after curing or in
later years, fill the resulting gap with an
approved color-matching sealant or consult
a concrete repair contractor.
HEAVY VEHICLES
Do not allow heavy vehicles such as moving
vans or other large vehicles to use your
driveway. Driveways are constructed to
accommodate light residential traffic only.
The slabs in your new home are residential
type concrete intended for passenger cars,
light trucks, family vans, etc.
SEALER
Depending on your preferences or
environmental conditions homeowners may
choose to seal the concrete.
33 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
COLOUR
Concrete slabs vary in color owing to
differences in the make-up of the concrete,
the location they are installed (inside or
outside) and the type of finish. No
correction is possible o necessary for this
condition.
CRACKS
Minor cracking (spider cracks) are normal in
concrete. If a crack is more than 3mm (1/8”)
it will require sealing with an approved
caulking compound.
LEVEL FLOORS
Concrete floors in the habitable areas of the
home will be level to with 6mm (1/4”)
within any 80cm (32”) measurement with
the exception of an area specifically
designed to slope toward a floor drain.
SEPARATION
Separation of concrete slabs from the
foundation of the home should receive
attention if the separation exceeds 12 mm
(1/2”).
SETTILING OR HEAVING
If slabs settle or heave in excess of 25mm
(1”) or if settlement results in drainage
toward the house, contact a concrete
professional to re-align the slab.
DAMP-PROOFING
Foundation walls are coated with a drain
mat or an asphalt waterproofing material.
Carful observation and maintenance of
positive drainage will protect your
basement from dampness
DECKS
Wood and/or vinyl decks add to the style
and function of your home and are a high
maintenance part of your home’s exterior.
EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE
Wood decks are subject to shrinkage, cracking,
splitting, cupping and twisting. Nails or screws
may work loose and will need seating or
tightening to set the heads flush with the wood,
as well as routine maintenance. Plan to inspect
your decks regularly, at least once each year
and provide needed attention promptly to
maintain an attractive appearance and forestall
costly repairs. It is recommended that you treat
or re-stain your decks annually to keep them
looking their best
FOOT TRAFFIC
As you use your deck, abrasives and grit on
shoes can scratch or dent the wood or vinyl
surface. Regular sweeping and using mats can
prevent scuffing and abrasion, but will not
completely prevent it. High heeled shoes should
not be worn on vinyl deck surfaces since the
high pressure of the heel may puncture the
vinyl membrane.
OUTDOOR FURNITURE
The surface of the decking can be damaged by
BBQs, deck furniture, or other items such as
articles that can rust on outside surfaces. Rust
from metal articles can permanently stain some
vinyl surfaces. Use caution when moving items
to prevent scratches, gouges and punctures.
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SEALING OR WATER REPELLENT
To prolong the life and beauty of your deck,
treat it periodically with a water repellent
or wood preservative. Local home centers
or hardware stores offer several products to
consider for this purpose. Always follow
manufacturer directions carefully.
SNOW AND ICE
Heavy snow or ice that remains on the deck
over long periods increases the likelihood of
damage or early failure. Prompt removal
can reduce adverse effects. Use caution in
shoveling to avoid needless scratching of
the deck boards or the vinyl surface.
STAIN
Exposed wood decks have been stained to
protect and beautify the wood. Each board
takes the same stain differently and
variations in color will be readily noticeable.
Over time, with exposure to weather and
use, further variations in color will occur.
DOORS AND LOCKS
The doors installed in your home are wood
products characteristics of wood as
shrinkage and warpage. Natural fluctuations
subject to such natural caused by humidity
and the dishwasher can affect doors and
may require minor adjustments. Use of
forced air furnaces and dishwashers can
affect doors and may require minor
adjustment.
EXTERIOR FINISH
To ensure longer life for your exterior doors
with clear finishes tend to weather faster than
painted doors. Treat the finish with a wood
preserver every three months to preserve the
varnish and prevent the door from during and
cracking. Reseal stained exterior doors
whenever the finish begins cracking, crazing or
fading.
HINGES
You can remedy a squeaky door hinge by
removing the hinge pin and applying a
silicone lubricant to it. Avoid using oil, as it
can gum up or attract dirt.
LOCKS
Lubricate door locks with silicone spray or
powdered graphite. Avoid oil, as it will gum
up.
SHRINKAGE
Use putty, filler, or latex caulk to fill any
minor separations that develop at mitered
joints in door trim. Follow with painting or
staining as required. Panels of wood paint
or stain or unfinished exposed areas of
wood is your home door shrink and expand
in response to change in temperature and
humidity. Touching up the paint or stain on
unfinished exposed areas of wood is your
home maintenance responsibility.
STICKNG
The most common cause of a sticking door
is the natural expansion of lumber caused
by changes in humidity. When sticking is
caused by swelling during an excessively
damp season, do not plane the door unless
35 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
it continues to stick after the weather
changes.
Before planning a door because of sticking, first
try tightening the screws that hold the door
jamb, door frame, or hinges. If planning is
necessary even after these measures, use
sandpaper to smooth the door and paint the
sanded area to seal against moisture.
WEATHER STRIPPING
Weather stripping, exterior door thresholds and
door sweeps occasionally require adjustment or
replacement.
ADJUSTMENT
Because of normal settling of the home, doors
may require adjustment for proper fit.
FOUNDATION
Your builder installs the foundation of your
home according to the recommendations of
a professional engineer. The walls of the
foundation are poured concrete on footings
with steel reinforcing rods. The basement
floor slab “floats” and is not part of the
structural foundation
CRACKS
Through the normal curing process of
concrete, surface cracks may develop in the
wall. Surface cracks do not affect the
structural integrity of your home. If a crack
develops in a foundation wall that allows
water to come through, contact your
builder or follow the procedures for
submitting a warranty claim.
Shrinkage cracks or backfill cracks are
common in foundation walls and are usually
noted at the corners of basement windows.
Your builder will seal cracks that exceed
3mm (1/8”) width.
DAMPNESS
Due to the amount of water in concrete,
basements may be slightly damp, especially
if unfinished. Condensation can corm on
water lines and drip into the floor,
especially from cold water supply lines.
COSMETIC IMPERFECTIONS
Slight cosmetic imperfections in foundation
walls, such as a visible seam where two
pours meet or slight honeycombing may
occur and require no repair unless they
permit water to enter.
LEAKS
Your builder will repair ay condition that
permit water to enter the basement as long
as the homeowner has complied with the
drainage landscaping and maintenance
guidelines
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GAS SHUT OFFS
You will find shut-offs on gas lines next to
their connection to each item that operates
on gas. In addition, there is a main shut-off
at the meter outside your home.
GAS LEAK
If you smell or suspect a gas leak leave the
home and call the gas company immediately for
emergency
GRADING AND DRAINAGE
The finish grades around your home have
been inspected and approved for proper
drainage of your lot. Use caution when
installing landscaping, fencing, or additions
to your home to prevent causing water
problems to your home or to homes on
adjacent lots.
DRAINAGE
Typically, the grade around your home should
slope away from the home (positive drainage).
Maintain the slopes around your home to
permit the water to drain away from the home
as rapidly as possible. Failure to do so may void
your warranty.
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EXTERIOR FINISH MATERIALS
Maintain your soil levels 15cm below siding,
stucco, brick, or other exterior finish
materials. Deterioration of the exterior
finish material can occur from soil or
landscaping materials
ROOF WATER
Ensure the splash blocks or downspout
extensions from under the downspouts are
in place. Keep them sloped so the water
drains away from your home.
EROSION
Your builder is not responsible for weather-
caused damage to lots that are not
landscaped until after the closing date, or
where the final grade is established. Your
SUBSURFACE DRAINS
Depending on local requirements or site
conditions, builders may install subsurface
drainage around the base of the foundation
to ensure that surface water drains from a
yard adequately. Keep this area and
especially the drain cover clear of debris so
that the drain can function as intended. If
you alter the drainage system after closing,
or if changes in the drainage occur due to
lack of maintenance you may void your
warranty.
SWALES
Your builder cannot alter individual lot or
development drainage patterns to suit
individual landscape plans. Lots typically
receive water from and drain water on the
other lots. As such changes in grade may
affect adjacent lots, homeowners are
advised against making changes to the
swales or grading.
GUTTERS AND DOWNSPOUTS
Check gutters occasionally or as weather
conditions dictate and remove leaves or
other debris. If materials accumulate in
gutters, water drainage from the roof can
be slowed, or blockages can cause
overflows and clog the downspouts.
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EXTENSIONS OR SPLASH-BLOCKS
Extensions should discharge outside of rock
or bark beds so that water is not dammed
behind the edging materials that might be
used. Splash blocks should be maintained
with a slope away from the foundation of
your home.
LADDERS
Be careful when leaning ladders against
gutters or you may cause dents. To prevent
damage to gutters, use appliances for
ladders called “roof stand-offs.” These are
available from building supply stores.
Always use caution when using ladders. In
particular use caution with metal ladders
near electrical power wires or power
sources.
LEAKS
If joints between sections of gutter drip,
clean the inside joint of the gutter and caulk
it using an approved gutter caulking
compound.
OVERFLOW
Gutters may overflow during periods of heavy
rain, this requires no repair.
PAINT AND STAIN
Painted surfaces should be cleaned and
inspected occasionally.
EXTERIOR
Check the painted and stained surfaces of
your home’s exterior semi-annually or as
conditions dictate. Plan on refinishing the
exterior surface of your home
approximately for your area and climate.
Some areas such as white painted trim may
require annual touch-up.
SEVERE WEATHER
Hail and wind can cause damage in a severe
storm-always inspect the house after severe
weather. If any damage is caused be severe
weather, report it to Tsuut’ina Public works.
RAILINGS
Enameled aluminum or wrought iron
railings at outside installations require
maintenance. Depending on railing type,
painting, touch-up and cleaning will be
required. Your builder installs railings in
positions and locations to comply with
applicable building codes. Railings should
39 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
remain securely attached with normal use.
Damage from improper use is not covered
by warranty.
ROOF
The shingles on your roof do not require
any maintenance except to ensure they are
kept clear of debris and are intact. The less
foot traffic on your roof the likely it is that
problems will occur.
ICE DAM
Depending on weather conditions, heat
from inside your home can melt snow on
the roof. Water then runs down and when
it reaches the cold eaves it may freeze. An
accumulation of ice can dam the
subsequent run-off and the water may
begin to back up and may work its way
under shingles and ultimately may find its
way into your home through window or
ceiling.
LEAKS
If a roof leak occurs try to detect the exact
location while it is leaking. If the source of
the leak can be spotted and marked it will
make the repair job easier when conditions
are dry and the repair can be carried out.
Note: check for the following:
1. Plugged gutters or downspouts
2. Debris on the roof
3. Ice damage
4. Missing roof shingles
Place a bucket under the leak to protect
your home and contact public works
SEVERE WEATHER
After severe storms, do a visual inspection of
the roof for damages. Notify Tsuut’ina Public
works if you find pieces of shingles, or loose
roofing tiles in the yard, or if shingle edges have
lifted or roof tiles have become damaged or
displaced on the roof.
40 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
SEPTIC SYSTEM
Your system safely treats wastewater and
returns it to the ground. Its design adheres
to standards set by Alberta and it has been
installed by a qualified contactor. After
installation and inspection, the safe
operation and regular maintenance of your
OWTS (Onsite Wastewater Treatment
System) are your responsibility. Your system
is more than a simple tank- it is a utility and
this manual will help you understand and
operate it.
Your septic system has two primary
components
1. Initial Treatment Septic tank/
Advanced Treatment Units (ATUs)
2. Final Treatment Drain field/ Mound/
Other
INITIAL TREATMENT COMPONENTS
Onsite wastewater treatment systems use a
septic tank or treatment plant for initial
treatment. The household plumbing collects
wastewater and sends it to the septic tank
working compartment which acts as a
separation chamber. Heavy particles
separate from the wastewater and settle to
the bottom to form a sludge layer. Lights
particles, mainly soap and grease, separate
and float to the top to form a scum layer.
Using a baffle deice the clearest liquid form
the center of the tank flows by gravity to
the effluent (liquid waste or sewage
discharge) dosing chamber. A pump or
siphon in the effluent dosing chamber will
deliver the effluent to the final soil
treatment component.
There are other options for initial treatment
components, including manufactured
packaged sewage treatment plants, textile
filter systems and incineration devices.
These components, like a septic tank, will
receive all the wastewater generated by the
facility they serve. These systems will
produce cleaner effluent and are
considered to be advanced treatment
systems. Cleaner effluent does not clog the
soil [pore spaces of the final treatment
component an easily as a septic tank
effluent.
All initial treatment devices reduce the
amount of organic material dirt, grease, etc.
41 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
however, disease-causing organisms
(pathogens) are not destroyed by initial
treatment and its bacterial action. In initial
treatment, methane gas and hydrogen
sulphide gas (H2S) are produced in the septic
tank
FINAL TREATMENT COMPONENTS
The final treatment and recycling of effluent
back to groundwater occurs in the soil. Natural
processes and soil bacteria will remove or alter
the pollutants and pathogens in wastewater.
With suitable soil and adequate separation
distances from water tables this effluent will
safely return to the groundwater.
The soil treatment of effluent occurs mostly
through the action of aerobic bacteria.
Aerobic bacteria require oxygen if the are to
do their job. In treating sewage, they must
have food and water (effluent), air to
breathe and suitable environment in use of
treatment field trenches to return effluent
to the soil. The Alberta standard of practice
requires five feet of this suitable soil below
the bottom of the treatment field trench for
septic effluent and three feet for class q
plant or advanced treated effluent.
Treatment field trenches are typically two
feet wide by two feet deep and will likely
total more than 400 lineal feet. In areas not
having the required depth of suitable soil,
imported suitable fill material will be
needed to construct a treatment mound.
After placement of the pipe or chambers, the
trench is covered with six to 12 inches of topsoil
and landscaped with grass which helps divert
surface water and improve the fields performance.
42 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
Cross-section of a treatment mound. In a
mound, pressurized distribution pipes ae
placed in a bed of aggregates or chambers
with a 12” layer of sand below. The
wastewater is pumped into the perforated
pipes and the drains into the sand layer
where aerobic bacteria cleans the effluent.
The mound must be above three feet
between the bottom of the sand layer and
the restrictive layer. Mounds that are
landscaped with grass and regularly mowed
have improved efficiency.
PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION TO
MOUNDS AND TREATMENT FIELDS
Pressure distribution system is a carefully
designed network of small pipes with small
holes called orifices, connected to a pump.
Periodically the pump sends doses of
effluent under pressure to the network of
pipes. The pipes are totally filled during
each dosing cycle to ensure a uniform
volume of effluent is distributed from each
orifice. This intermittent dosing allows the
effluent to pass into the sand layer or
ground and then time for air to reach the
soil before the next dose. Pressure
distribution is superior to gravity
distribution and is required for a mound.
Pressurized distribution makes use of the
whole mound or treatment field area, thus
creating a longer life of the final treatment
component.
NOTE: wastewater is a mix of blackwater
and greywater and both must be treated by
your septic system. Blackwater contains
human waste, food particles, dirt and
contaminants. Greywater is water from
bathing, washing and laundry. There is a
common misconception that greywater
doesn’t need treatment, but it does.
TREATMENT FIELD MAINTENANCE
To protect your treatment field system, regularly
pump the sludge and scum from the septic tank.
Typical cleaning schedules range from six months
to three years depending on the tank, family size,
etc. never leave mote than three years between
cleanings. An uncleaned tank has a reduced
working capacity that results in overloads that send
solids to the field, clogging the soil and ruining its
ability to dispose of wastewater and leading to
costly repair.
Compaction: do not pave your treatment field or
drive or park on it as these activities compact the
soil and damage the fields performance. Nothing
heavier than a riding mower should be allowed on
the field. Also avoid putting pathways or planting
anything other than grass on top of the field.
Vegetation Cover: a field performs best if covered
with grass and mowed regularly. The grass cover
and landscaping that channels rainwater away
from the field improves its performance.
Surface Water Diversion: direct water
flowing from drains, downspouts,
driveway’s, sump pumps away from your
43 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
treatment field as it must remain
unsaturated for the bacterial action to take
place.
Consult an installer before major
landscaping is undertaken. Changing the
slopes and elevations near your system can
affect its performance and longevity
THINGS TO KEEP IN MIND
• Have a professional inspect your system
(once a year for the first three years and
then every three years) and pump your
tank as necessary every 12 to 36
months.
• Use water efficiently
• Don’t dispose of household hazardous
wastes in sinks and toilets.
• Plant only grass over and neat your
septic system. Roots from nearby trees
or shrubs might clog and damage the
treatment field.
• Don’t drive or park vehicles on any part
of your septic system. Doing so can
compact the soul in your treatment field
or damage the pipes, tank or other
septic system components. Any foot,
ATV or vehicle traffic over the system in
winter can lead to freezing problems.
SIDING
Siding expands and contracts as changes in
humidity and temperature occur. Typically,
slight waves are visible in siding under
moist weather conditions and shrinkage
and separations will be more noticeable
under hot or dry conditions. These
conditions are normal and do not require
attention.
WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS
Wood or wood-product siding may require routine
refinishing depending on the type of finish. Some
raw wood products may be stained or painted and
those should be maintained accordingly. Some wood
products may have baked enamel finishes which do
not require annual cleaning and painting, but may
require touch-ups if damaged. Some wood siding,
such as cedar, is subject to more cracking and will
require more maintenance.
VINYL
Vinyl siding requires cleaning. Start at the
top and dampen the siding using only low-
pressure washers or other sources of high-
water pressure. To avoid streaking use only
water and a brush, or use a cleaning
product recommended by your siding
manufacturer. Follow instruction carefully.
CEMENT BASED PRODUCTS
Cement based siding such as hardy-plank or
hardy-board will require repainting and
caulking.
STUCCO
Stucco is a light weight and thinly applied
cement product that is subject to expansion and
contraction and therefore may crack. Typically,
only minor hairline cracks will develop I the
outer layer (color coat) of stucco. This is normal
and does not reduce the function of the stucco
in anyway. If the cracks develop into larger gaps
these may require caulking or repair as
required. Your builder will repair may not
exactly match the surrounding area. If there are
signs of water stains coming from the cracks
investigate further.
44 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
DRAINAGE
To ensure proper drainage away from the
stucco keep dirt and concrete flatwork a
minimum of 15 cm below the bottom edge
of the stucco. Do not pour concrete or
install masonry over the bottom edge of the
stucco or right up to the foundation since
wood members behind the stucco may be
damaged by water.
EFFLORESCENCE
The white, powdery substance that
sometimes accumulates on stucco surfaces
is called efflorescence. This is a natural
phenomenon where lime in the stucco
leeches out. It can be removed by scrubbing
with a stiff brush and vinegar or there are
commercial products sold to remove
efflorescence. One cleaning will not
permanently stop efflorescence, it will
continue until such time as all the lime has
leeched out.
SPRINKLERS
Since stucco is not a watertight barrier
avoid spraying water from irrigation or
watering systems directly on to stucco
surfaces.
SUMP PUMP
In some conditions the foundation design
includes a perimeter drain and sump pump.
The perimeter drain runs around the
foundation to gather water and channel it
to the sump catchments. When the water
reaches a preset level, the pump activates
and pumps the water out of your home’s
drainage system. Read and follow the
manufacturer’s directions for use and care
of your sump pump.
45 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
CONTINUOS OPERATION
The pump may run more frequently or
continuously during a heavy storm or long
periods of rain. This is normal under such
conditions.
DISCHARGE
Locate the discharge point for your sump
pump system and keep the end of the drain
clear of debris so that water can flow out
and away from your home.
POWER SUPPLY
The sump pump runs on electricity. If the
power goes off, the pump cannot operate.
Storm water could then enter your
basement.
ROOF WATER
Ensure that roof water drains quickly away
from the home to avoid circulating it
through your sump pump. Keep
downspouts extensions or splash blocks in
place to channel water away from your
home.
ROUTINE CHECK
Check to confirm the pump is plugged in, the
circuit breaker is on and that the pump
operates on a regular basis. To test the
operation of your sump pump, pour several
gallons of water out. Follow this procedure at
least once a year.
VENTILATION
New homes today are more tightly sealed
to the outside environment than older
homes. While this improves efficiency there
are negative effects such as condensation,
cooking odors, indoor pollutants, radon and
carbon monoxide may all accumulate.
There are both mechanical and passive
methods of ventilating homes and
minimizing the effects of these factors. It is
important that you attend to ventilation
maintenance as an important contributor to
your health and safety.
46 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
ATTIC VENTS
Attics are vented through the soffit (the
material installed on the underside of
overhangs) or on gable ends. Driving rain or
snow can sometimes inter the attic through
these vents. Do not cover the insulation in
front of the vent with poly plastic covering.
By doing this you allow the vent to remain
open and the small amount of water that
blows in will evaporate safely. If the amount
of water is excessive ensure the vent grilles
are properly installed.
WINDOWS, SCREENS AND SLIDING
GLASS DOORS
Contact glass company for re-glazing of any
windows that break or repair of any
component.
Clean the glass as needed with vinegar and
water, commercial glass cleaner, or the
product recommended by the window
manufacturer. Always consult the
manufacturer’s literature and maintenance
recommendations if there are special
window glazing treatments.
ACRYLIC OR GLASS BLOCKS
Clean acrylic or glass blocks during
moderate temperatures using a mild
solution of soap and warm water. Wash
using a sponge or soft cloth or brush and
dry with a towel. Avoid abrasive cleaners,
commercial glass cleaner, razor, stiff
brushes or scrubbing devices of any kind.
VINYL WINDOW FRAMES
Clean vinyl window frames during moderate
temperatures using a mild solution of soap
and warm water. Wash using a sponge or
soft cloth or brush and dry with a towel.
Avoid abrasive cleaners, commercial glass
cleaner, razors, stiff brushed or scrubbing
devices of any kind. From the outside of the
home inspect and ensure that the drain
(weep) holes are free of dirt or debris.
47 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
ALUMINUM
Clean aluminum metal surfaces with warm,
clear water. Do not use abrasive cleaners or
steel wool. After each cleaning apply
silicone lubricant with a cloth.
CONDENSATION
Condensation on the interior surfaces of the
window and frame is the result of high
humidity within the home and low outside
temperatures. Lifestyle controls the
humidity level within your home and is
affected by the number of residents,
cooking habits and so on.
SILLS
Window sills in your home are typically
made of wood and require minimal
maintenance which includes repairing
minor cracks, keeping paint in good
condition and caulking of the joints.
SLIDING GLASS DOORS
Sliding glass doors are made with tempered
glass which is more difficult to break than
ordinary glass and protects people from
injury if broken. Tempered glass breaks into
small pieces (popcorn) rather than large
splinters or shards which can cause severe
injury.
Keep the sliding door tracks clean for
smooth operation and to prevent damage
to the door frame. Lubricate the tracks with
silicone spray lubricant.
Ensure the proper operation of sliding door
hardware for maximum security in your
home
STICKING WINDOWS
If sticking occurs or excessive pressure is required
to open or close a window, apply a silicone spray
lubricant to the tracks. If lubrication does not help
investigate further.
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WEEP HOLES (DRAIN HOLES)
CONDENSATION
Condensation that accumulates between
the panes of glass in double-glazed sealed
windows indicates a broken seal. Your
builder will replace the window if this
occurs during the applicable warrant
period. Many manufactures provided
warranties against seal failure for many
years beyond your contractor warranty. If
you have a seal unit failure, after your initial
warranty expires consult your
manufacturers literature.
TINTING OR FOIL FILMS
If you add tinting or foil films to double-
glazed windows all warranties are voided.
Damage can result from condensation or
excessive heat build-up between the panes
of glass. Refer to the manufacturer’s
literature for additional information.
WOOD TRIM
Shrinkage of wood trim occurs normally
during the first two years or so depending
on ambient temperatures and humidity
levels. All wood is more susceptible to
drying and shrinkage during the hot
summer season. Wood shrinkage can result
in separation at joints of trim pieces and
cupping or cracking may occur.
Homeowners should correct this with
caulking and touch-up painting as required.
Shrinkage or cupping may also cause a piece
of trim to pull away from the structure. If
this happens re-nail the board with an
appropriate size finishing nail s as to attach
it properly. Fill the nail hole or crack if
needed with putty and touch-up paint.
During your builder orientation (walk-
through) your builder will confirm that
wood trim is I acceptable condition. Minor
imperfections in wood materials are normal
with natural products and will require no
action.
EXTERIOR
Your builder will caulk and apply touch-up paint
to cracks in exterior trim components that
exceed 2 mm during you first year of warranty.
Your builder will typically perform repair one
time only near the end of the first year or as
weather conditions permit. Paint or stain touch-
up may not match. Your builder will correct any
separation at joints that allows water to enter
the home.
RAISED GRAIN
Because of the effects of weather on
natural wood, you should expect raised
grain to develop. this is normal attribute of
wood and not a defect in the wood or paint.
Warranty coverage excludes this condition
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5) SEPTIC SYSTEM
MAINTENANCE
CHECKLIST
It is important that every homeowner gets to
know how their septic systems operates and
where they are located. This is the number one
call Public Works receives every year due to
homeowners obstructing their septic systems.
Following this checklist will help you keep your
septic and water systems running efficiently for
years to come.
a) How Your Septic System Works
Septic systems are underground
wastewater treatment structures,
commonly used in rural areas without
centralized sewer systems. They use a
combination of nature and proven
technology to treat wastewater from
household plumbing produced by
bathrooms, kitchen drains, and laundry. A
typical septic system consists of a septic
tank, mound and/or field.
b) How to find your Septic System
• Looking on your home’s “as built”
drawing.
• Checking your yard for lids and
manhole covers.
• Checking your yard for large mound
located on the opposing side of the
house from the well location.
• Strong odor around the septic tank
and field or mound.
c) The TO-DO LIST for you Septic
System
This list will guide you to maintaining your
septic mound, tanks and septic fields.
• Know where the system is and
protect the area from livestock,
heavy traffic etc.
• Practicing water conservation and
spreading your water usage
throughout the week.
• Cut the grass and weeds on all fields
and mounds. NO RIDING LAWN
MOWERS.
• Divert water away from the mounds.
• Don’t treat your toilet like a trash
can!
• Think about what you dump down
the kitchen sink drain.
• Be careful with cleaning chemicals.
Various cleaning products
homeowners use can harm good
bacteria in a septic system. AVOID
USING CHEMICALS LIKE BLEACH.
• Avoid planting trees and shrubs
close to the field and mounds.
d) Failure symptoms: Mind the signs!
• Septic alarms usually identifies that
the tank is either full or the pump is
not operating properly.
• Odors could mean your septic tank
is full and needs draining.
• Sewage backup. A full septic tank or
obstruction in your plumbing lines
can result in a backup.
• Slow drains could indicate your tank
is full or there is a blockage in your
plumbing lines.
50 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
Things You Should Never
Put in a Septic Tank
Paint, paint thinners, gasoline, motor oil.
Cooking grease, Fat
Cat litter, coffee grounds
Cigarette butts
Dental floss
Disposable diapers
Ear plugs
Charmin Toilet paper, flushable wipes
Sanitary napkins or tampons
Paper towels
Plastics
Inspect or weed killers
Photographic chemicals
Solvents
STOP THE WATER, PREVENT FUTHER ISSUES
IF YOU NOTICE ANY SIGNS OF SEPTIC SYSTEM FAILURE (BACKUPS, SEPTIC ALARMS)
STOP USING THE WATER IMMEDIATELY TO PREVENT ANY FURTHER DAMAGES.
51 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
6) Water Well & Cistern
WATER WELL
Working with Public Works and developing
an effective monitoring and preventative
maintenance program for your water well is
important to ensure a secure water supply
and protect water quality.
Monitoring will identify changes in water
levels, water quality and well yield before
they become a serious problem. Just like a
vehicle needs regular oil changes, tune ups
and inflated tires to run properly, your water
well needs to be properly maintained to
keep it operating smoothly for many years to
come. Preventative maintenance reduces
the onset of well problems, the need for
costly, time-intensive rehabilitation
treatments and even premature well failure.
VISUAL INSPECTION OF WELL
(Public Works can investigate remedial
action for an issue you discover)
You should regularly examine your well and
the ground surface immediately surrounding
it. Ask yourself the following questions:
• Is the casing in good condition (no
corrosion, cracks, or holes) and does it
extend at least 45 cm (18 in.) above ground
level?
• Is the well cap securely attached? Is it
vermin-proof? If your well is located in a
low-lying area prone to flooding, is the well
cap flood-proof?
• Are the electrical wires secure and
protected from the elements?
• Are there any potential contamination
sources or physical dangers nearby?
• Is the ground surrounding the wellhead
sloping away to divert surface runoff?
• Can any vegetation with root systems
cause harm?
• Is there any ground settling around the
outside of the well casing? Could the
annular seal be compromised allowing
surface water to seep into the well?
• If your well is located in a high-traffic
area, is it properly marked to avoid being
damaged or lost in deep snow cover?
MONITORING WELL QUALITY
Noting changes in water quality is an
effective way to monitor the health of your
well. The following checklist is a starting
point to determine if a problem exists:
• Unpleasant odor or taste
• Cloudy, dirty water
• Red discoloration on plumbing fixtures
and fabric • Soap curd on dishes and fabrics
• Scale in pipes and water heater
• Salty alkali taste
52 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
This link will explain water well maintenance more
in-depth
https://wellowner.org/resources/water-well-
maintenance/
CISTERN
A cistern is a watertight tank used to store a large
volume of water to meet a water demand. To
prevent the water from freezing, cisterns are
usually buried below the frost level.
NOTE: Cisterns and Septic Tanks look similar. To
distinguish them apart a cistern has 1 access hatch
and a septic tank has 2 access hatches.
CONTAMINATION RISKS
Insects, rodents and small birds/animals can enter
your cistern if there has been any physical damage.
Surface water can infiltrate, bringing dirt and other
debris. Fertilizer, manure and other chemical or
biological contaminants can be carried in by
rainwater or snowmelt.
HOW DO I INSPECT MY CISTERN?
Visually inspect the ground around where your
cistern is buried to confirm it is sloped and can
divert away rainwater and snowmelt. Inspect the
access lid and fill port for a watertight seal.
Turn on faucets in house and examine water flow.
If water comes out murky/smelly please contact
Public Works.
Look inside the cistern for evidence of dirt, insects
or rodents. Look for light coming in from possible
cracks or faulty connections. Check the vented
overflow pipe is located properly to continuously
draw air. Confirm it is down turned, covered with a
fine mesh screen cover and high enough not to be
submerged under rainwater or snow. Large roots
can become a problem if trees are located too
close to your cistern. If any damage is found please
call Public Works.
CLEANING MY CISTERN
Routine maintenance of your cistern is conducted
by Public Works and will include an annual cleaning
to remove any build-up of sludge or biofilm. After
cleaning out any sludge build-up from the cistern a
chlorine shot is added to obtain a concentration of
50 ppm while the cistern is being refilled. Public
Works has a routine schedule to service Cisterns on
Tsuut’ina Nation.
53 TTN Home Maintenance Manual
APPENDIX A: SOLAR INFORMATION
www.SkyFireEnergy.com info@SkyFireEnergy.com 780 474 8992403 251 0668
Solar PV System Internet Connect i on Guide
1. Verify that Solar Breaker is ON
Ensure that your Solar Breaker is turned ON in your electrical panel (Indicated with the warning
sticker shown below). The breaker will be at the top or bottom of your panel.
2. Verify Wired Internet Connection
Plug the supplied ethernet cable into a LAN port on your modem/router.
DO NOT use the WAN port.
Using a laptop, or other device capable of receiving wired internet connection, verify
that the ethernet cable connected to the LAN port is supplying an internet signal.
You will need to disable the WiFi capability of the device for this test.
If the internet provider’s modem has been bridged, the LAN ports may be deactivated.
In this case, please use the LAN ports on your 3rd party router.
If the LAN port is not supplying an internet signal, contact your internet service provider
to troubleshoot the connection:
Bell: 1-844-310-7873
Shaw: 1-888-472-2222 (Option 1, 1, 1)
Telus Fibre Optic: 1-844-372-8559
Telus Copper: 1-888-811-2323
QUICK START GUIDE
FOR WIRED CONNECTION
3. Connect ECU device to the internet
www.SkyFireEnergy.com info@SkyFireEnergy.com 780 474 8992403 251 0668
RJ45 Signal/RS485
(Australia Only)
RJ45 Internet
AC Power
Antenna Antenna
If your modem/router is not located next to the electrical panel, unplug the ECU device,
lift to remove it from the screws, and plug it back in next to your modem/router.
Connect the RJ45-Internet port on the ECU to a LAN port on your modem/router using
the grey ethernet cord provided. DO NOT use the WAN port on your modem/router.
When the internet LED is green, proceed to the Monitoring instructions document.
If you have verified that the LAN port on your modem/router is functioning, and the LED
will not turn green after 24 hours, please email info@skyfireenergy.com with your
address for assistance.
SkyFire Energy will charge $90/hour for service calls to resolve internet connection
issues if the ECU unit is found to be functioning properly.
QUICK START GUIDE
FOR WIRED CONNECTION
If the internet LED on the ECU device is green, you are ready to move to the monitoring stage,
otherwise return to the Internet Connection guide.
Install EMA APP on your Android or iOS device:
Solar PV Syste m M onitorin g
www.SkyFireEnergy.com info@SkyFireEnergy.com 780 474 8992403 251 0668
EMA App User Guide EMA APP (Android) EMA APP (iOS)
Get your EMA APP login information from one of three places:
Use the EMA APP to monitor the performance of your solar system, and ensure that all
equipment is functioning normally. It is the homeowner’s responsibility to identify equipment
failures, since neither SkyFire Energy or your builder will be actively monitoring your system.
Click here to access the user manual for the EMA APP or you can aceess it by scanning the
QR code above.
Android: Click here to download the EMA APP
iOS: Search for “EMA APP” in App Store
If you have a QR scanner, scan the code below for your device.
Sticker on the front of ECU device
Welcome email from SkyFire Energy
Send an email to info@skyfireenergy.com with your address to request login info
QUICK START GUIDE
FOR WIRED CONNECTION
QUICK START GUIDE
FOR WIFI CONNECTION
www.SkyFireEnergy.com info@SkyFireEnergy.com 780 474 8992403 251 0668
Solar PV System Internet Connect i on Guide
1. Verify that Solar Breaker is ON
Ensure that your Solar Breaker is turned ON in your electrical panel (Indicated with the warning
sticker shown below). The breaker will be at the top or bottom of your panel.
2. Connect the ECU Device to your household WiFi network
Search for and install ECU APP on your Android or iOS device. If you have a QR scanner
app, scan the QR code below.
If your ECU device has an AP button on the side, press it to initiate a WiFi signal.
In the settings on your iOS or Android device, find and connect to the WiFi network that
is broadcast from the ECU device (ECU_R_XXXXXXXXXXXX), password 88888888. You
may need to try the password several times. If you get a message saying that this WiFi
network is not connected to the Internet, click OK.
ECU APP (iOS) ECU APP (Android)
www.SkyFireEnergy.com info@SkyFireEnergy.com 780 474 8992403 251 0668
Open ECU App.
On the Home page, ensure that it shows
“ECU connected”. If not, swipe down to
refresh.
On the Settings page, select WLAN.
Find your household WiFi network in the
list, select it, and enter your password.
The ECU device may reboot at this point.
Please wait a few minutes to allow it to
restart, then ensure that “ECU Connected”
is shown on the Home Page. If it is not
connected, please repeat the steps on the
previous page.
Whether you have connected via ethernet cable or WiFi, ensure that the Home page shows
“Internet Connected”.
If the Solar Breaker is on and the Home page shows “ECU connected” and “Internet connected”,
but the system is producing 0w, please contact SkyFire Energy (info@skyfireenergy.com) for
further assistance.
Open your iOS or Android settings and select the ECU_R_XXXXXXXXXXXX WiFi network.
Select “Forget Network”. This will allow your iOS or Android device to re-connect to your
household WiFi network.
QUICK START GUIDE
FOR WIFI CONNECTION
If the internet LED on the ECU device is green, you are ready to move to the monitoring stage,
otherwise return to the Internet Connection guide.
Install EMA APP on your Android or iOS device:
Solar PV Syste m M onitorin g
www.SkyFireEnergy.com info@SkyFireEnergy.com 780 474 8992403 251 0668
EMA App User Guide EMA APP (Android) EMA APP (iOS)
Get your EMA APP login information from one of three places:
Use the EMA APP to monitor the performance of your solar system, and ensure that all
equipment is functioning normally. It is the homeowner’s responsibility to identify equipment
failures, since neither SkyFire Energy or your builder will be actively monitoring your system.
Click here to access the user manual for the EMA APP or you can aceess it by scanning the
QR code above.
Android: Click here to download the EMA APP
iOS: Search for “EMA APP” in App Store
If you have a QR scanner, scan the code below for your device.
Sticker on the front of ECU device
Welcome email from SkyFire Energy
Send an email to info@skyfireenergy.com with your address to request login info
QUICK START GUIDE
FOR WIFI CONNECTION